Let $\mathrm{\π}\:E\to M$be a fiber bundle, with base dimension $n$ and fiber dimension $m$ and let ${\mathrm{\π}}^k\:J^k\left(E\right) \to M$ be the $k$-th jet bundle. Introduce local coordinates $\(x^i\, u^{\mathrm{\α}}\, u_{i_{}}^{\mathrm{\α}}\, u_{i_{}j}^{\mathrm{\α}}$, ..., $u_{\mathrm{ij} \cdot \cdot \cdot \mathrm{\ℓ}}^{\mathrm{\α}}\, ..\.\)$where, as usual, if $s\:M\to E$ is a section and$\mathrm{\σ}\=j^k\left(s\right)\left(x\right)\:M\to E$is the $k$-jet of $s\,$then

For the first calling sequence, EulerLagrange(L) returns the list of functions $\left[E_1\left(L\right)\, E_2\left(L\right)\, ..\. \, E_m\left(L\right)\right]$on $J^{2k}\left(E\right)$.

The differential forms on the jet spaces $J^k\left(E\right)$ can be bi-graded by their horizontal and vertical/contact degree. A differential form of horizontal degree $n$and vertical degree 0 is called a Lagrangian form or Lagrangian bi-form. In terms of local coordinates on $J^k\left(E\right)$, a Lagrangian bi-form $\mathrm{\λ}$ can be expressed as

The third calling sequence EulerLagrange($\mathrm{\ω}$) returns a list of $m$ differential bi-forms of vertical degree 1 less than the vertical degree of $\mathrm{\ω}$. Here the partial derivatives with respect to the jets of dependent variables $u_{\mathrm{ij} \cdot \cdot \cdot \ell }^{\mathrm{\alpha }}$ in the usual formula for the Euler-Lagrange operator acting on functions are replaced by interior products of the corresponding vector fields, that is,

 The command EulerLagrange is part of the DifferentialGeometry:-JetCalculus package.  It can be used in the form EulerLagrange(...) only after executing the commands with(DifferentialGeometry) and with(JetCalculus), but can always be used by executing DifferentialGeometry:-JetCalculus:-EulerLagrange(...).

$\mathrm{with}\left(\mathrm{DifferentialGeometry}\right)\:$$\mathrm{with}\left(\mathrm{JetCalculus}\right)\:$

$\mathrm{DGsetup}\left(\left[t\right]\,\left[u\,v\,w\right]\,E\,2\right)\:$

$L≔\frac{1}{2}\left({u\left[1\right]}^2+{v\left[1\right]}^2+{w\left[1\right]}^2\right)-V\left(u\left[\right]\,v\left[\right]\,w\left[\right]\right)$

$L≔\frac{u_1^2}{2}+\frac{v_1^2}{2}+\frac{w_1^2}{2}-V\left(u_{\left[\right]}\,v_{\left[\right]}\,w_{\left[\right]}\right)$

$\mathrm{EL}≔\mathrm{EulerLagrange}\left(L\right)$

$\mathrm{EL}≔\left[-V_{u_{\left[\right]}}-u_{1,1}\,-V_{v_{\left[\right]}}-v_{1,1}\,-V_{w_{\left[\right]}}-w_{1,1}\right]$

$\mathrm{convert}\left(\mathrm{EL}\,\mathrm{DGdiff}\right)$

$\left[-{\mathrm{D}}_1\left(V\right)\left(u\left(t\right)\,v\left(t\right)\,w\left(t\right)\right)-u_{t,t}\,-{\mathrm{D}}_2\left(V\right)\left(u\left(t\right)\,v\left(t\right)\,w\left(t\right)\right)-v_{t,t}\,-{\mathrm{D}}_3\left(V\right)\left(u\left(t\right)\,v\left(t\right)\,w\left(t\right)\right)-w_{t,t}\right]$

$\mathrm{\lambda }≔L\&mult\mathrm{Dt}$

$\mathrm{\lambda }≔\left(\frac{u_1^2}{2}+\frac{v_1^2}{2}+\frac{w_1^2}{2}-V\left(u_{\left[\right]}\,v_{\left[\right]}\,w_{\left[\right]}\right)\right)\mathrm{Dt}$

$\mathrm{EulerLagrange}\left(\mathrm{\lambda }\right)$

$\left(V_{u_{\left[\right]}}+u_{1,1}\right)\mathrm{Dt}\bigwedge {\mathrm{Cu}}_{\left[\right]}+\left(V_{v_{\left[\right]}}+v_{1,1}\right)\mathrm{Dt}\bigwedge {\mathrm{Cv}}_{\left[\right]}+\left(V_{w_{\left[\right]}}+w_{1,1}\right)\mathrm{Dt}\bigwedge {\mathrm{Cw}}_{\left[\right]}$

$\mathrm{DGsetup}\left(\left[x\right]\,\left[u\right]\,E\,2\right)\:$

$\mathrm{L2}≔F\left(x\,u\left[\right]\,u\left[1\right]\,u\left[1,1\right]\right)\:$

$\mathrm{PDEtools}\left[\mathrm{declare}\right]\left(F\left(x\,u\left[\right]\,u\left[1\right]\,u\left[1,1\right]\right)\,\mathrm{quiet}\right)$

$\mathrm{Eul1}≔\mathrm{EulerLagrange}\left(\mathrm{L2}\right)$

$\mathrm{Eul1}≔\left[F_{u_{\left[\right]}}-F_{x,u_1}-F_{u_{\left[\right]},u_1}{u}_1-F_{u_1,u_1}{u}_{1,1}-F_{u_1,u_{1,1}}{u}_{1,1,1}+F_{x,x,u_{1,1}}+F_{x,u_{\left[\right]},u_{1,1}}{u}_1+F_{x,u_1,u_{1,1}}{u}_{1,1}+F_{x,u_{1,1},u_{1,1}}{u}_{1,1,1}+\left(F_{u_{\left[\right]},u_{\left[\right]},u_{1,1}}{u}_1+F_{u_{\left[\right]},u_1,u_{1,1}}{u}_{1,1}+F_{u_{\left[\right]},u_{1,1},u_{1,1}}{u}_{1,1,1}+F_{x,u_{\left[\right]},u_{1,1}}\right)u_1+\left(F_{u_{\left[\right]},u_1,u_{1,1}}{u}_1+F_{u_1,u_1,u_{1,1}}{u}_{1,1}+F_{u_1,u_{1,1},u_{1,1}}{u}_{1,1,1}+F_{u_{\left[\right]},u_{1,1}}+F_{x,u_1,u_{1,1}}\right)u_{1,1}+\left(F_{u_{\left[\right]},u_{1,1},u_{1,1}}{u}_1+F_{u_1,u_{1,1},u_{1,1}}{u}_{1,1}+F_{u_{1,1},u_{1,1},u_{1,1}}{u}_{1,1,1}+F_{u_1,u_{1,1}}+F_{x,u_{1,1},u_{1,1}}\right)u_{1,1,1}+F_{u_{1,1},u_{1,1}}{u}_{1,1,1,1}\right]$

$\mathrm{P0},\mathrm{P1},\mathrm{P2}≔\mathrm{diff}\left(\mathrm{L2}\,u\left[\right]\right),\mathrm{diff}\left(\mathrm{L2}\,u\left[1\right]\right),\mathrm{diff}\left(\mathrm{L2}\,u\left[1,1\right]\right)$

$\mathrm{P0},\mathrm{P1},\mathrm{P2}≔F_{u_{\left[\right]}},F_{u_1},F_{u_{1,1}}$

$\mathrm{Eul2}≔\mathrm{P0}-\mathrm{TotalDiff}\left(\mathrm{P1}\,\left[1\right]\right)+\mathrm{TotalDiff}\left(\mathrm{P2}\,\left[1\,1\right]\right)$

$\mathrm{Eul2}≔F_{u_{\left[\right]}}-F_{x,u_1}-F_{u_{\left[\right]},u_1}{u}_1-F_{u_1,u_1}{u}_{1,1}-F_{u_1,u_{1,1}}{u}_{1,1,1}+F_{x,x,u_{1,1}}+F_{x,u_{\left[\right]},u_{1,1}}{u}_1+F_{x,u_1,u_{1,1}}{u}_{1,1}+F_{x,u_{1,1},u_{1,1}}{u}_{1,1,1}+\left(F_{u_{\left[\right]},u_{\left[\right]},u_{1,1}}{u}_1+F_{u_{\left[\right]},u_1,u_{1,1}}{u}_{1,1}+F_{u_{\left[\right]},u_{1,1},u_{1,1}}{u}_{1,1,1}+F_{x,u_{\left[\right]},u_{1,1}}\right)u_1+\left(F_{u_{\left[\right]},u_1,u_{1,1}}{u}_1+F_{u_1,u_1,u_{1,1}}{u}_{1,1}+F_{u_1,u_{1,1},u_{1,1}}{u}_{1,1,1}+F_{u_{\left[\right]},u_{1,1}}+F_{x,u_1,u_{1,1}}\right)u_{1,1}+\left(F_{u_{\left[\right]},u_{1,1},u_{1,1}}{u}_1+F_{u_1,u_{1,1},u_{1,1}}{u}_{1,1}+F_{u_{1,1},u_{1,1},u_{1,1}}{u}_{1,1,1}+F_{u_1,u_{1,1}}+F_{x,u_{1,1},u_{1,1}}\right)u_{1,1,1}+F_{u_{1,1},u_{1,1}}{u}_{1,1,1,1}$

$\mathrm{Eul2}-\mathrm{Eul1}\left[1\right]$

$0$

$\mathrm{Preferences}\left(''JetNotation''\,''JetNotation2''\right)$

$''JetNotation1''$

$\mathrm{DGsetup}\left(\left[x\right]\,\left[u\right]\,E\,2\right)\:$

$\mathrm{L2}≔F\left(x\,u\left[0\right]\,u\left[1\right]\,u\left[2\right]\right)\:$

$\mathrm{PDEtools}\left[\mathrm{declare}\right]\left(F\left(x\,u\left[\right]\,u\left[1\right]\,u\left[2\right]\right)\,\mathrm{quiet}\right)$

$\mathrm{Eul1}≔\mathrm{EulerLagrange}\left(\mathrm{L2}\right)$

$\mathrm{Eul1}≔\left[F_{u_0}-F_{x,u_1}-F_{u_0,u_1}{u}_1-F_{u_1,u_1}{u}_2-F_{u_1,u_2}{u}_3+F_{x,x,u_2}+F_{x,u_0,u_2}{u}_1+F_{x,u_1,u_2}{u}_2+F_{x,u_2,u_2}{u}_3+\left(F_{u_0,u_0,u_2}{u}_1+F_{u_0,u_1,u_2}{u}_2+F_{u_0,u_2,u_2}{u}_3+F_{x,u_0,u_2}\right)u_1+\left(F_{u_0,u_1,u_2}{u}_1+F_{u_1,u_1,u_2}{u}_2+F_{u_1,u_2,u_2}{u}_3+F_{u_0,u_2}+F_{x,u_1,u_2}\right)u_2+\left(F_{u_0,u_2,u_2}{u}_1+F_{u_1,u_2,u_2}{u}_2+F_{u_2,u_2,u_2}{u}_3+F_{u_1,u_2}+F_{x,u_2,u_2}\right)u_3+F_{u_2,u_2}{u}_4\right]$

$\mathrm{Preferences}\left(''JetNotation''\,''JetNotation1''\right)$

$''JetNotation2''$

$\mathrm{DGsetup}\left(\left[x\,y\,z\right]\,\left[u\right]\,E\,1\right)\:$

$\mathrm{L3}≔\frac{1}{2}\left({u\left[1\right]}^2+{u\left[2\right]}^2+{u\left[3\right]}^2\right)$

$\mathrm{L3}≔\frac{u_1^2}{2}+\frac{u_2^2}{2}+\frac{u_3^2}{2}$

$\mathrm{E3}≔\mathrm{EulerLagrange}\left(\mathrm{L3}\right)$

$\mathrm{E3}≔\left[-u_{1,1}-u_{2,2}-u_{3,3}\right]$

$\mathrm{convert}\left(\mathrm{E3}\left[1\right]\,\mathrm{DGdiff}\right)$

$-u_{x,x}-u_{y,y}-u_{z,z}$

$\mathrm{\λ3}≔\mathrm{evalDG}\left(\mathrm{L3}\left(\mathrm{Dx}\&w\mathrm{Dy}\right)\&w\mathrm{Dz}\right)$

$\mathrm{\λ3}≔\left(\frac{u_1^2}{2}+\frac{u_2^2}{2}+\frac{u_3^2}{2}\right)\mathrm{Dx}\bigwedge \mathrm{Dy}\bigwedge \mathrm{Dz}$

$\mathrm{EulerLagrange}\left(\mathrm{\λ3}\right)$

$\left(u_{1,1}+u_{2,2}+u_{3,3}\right)\mathrm{Dx}\bigwedge \mathrm{Dy}\bigwedge \mathrm{Dz}\bigwedge {\mathrm{Cu}}_{\left[\right]}$

$\mathrm{DGsetup}\left(\left[x\,y\,t\right]\,\left[\mathrm{A\_x}\,\mathrm{A\_y}\,\mathrm{A\_t}\right]\,M\,1\right)\:$

$L≔-\frac{1}{2}{\mathrm{A\_t}\left[2\right]}^2+\mathrm{A\_t}\left[2\right]\mathrm{A\_y}\left[3\right]-\frac{1}{2}{\mathrm{A\_y}\left[3\right]}^2-\frac{1}{2}{\mathrm{A\_t}\left[1\right]}^2+\mathrm{A\_t}\left[1\right]\mathrm{A\_x}\left[3\right]-\frac{1}{2}{\mathrm{A\_x}\left[3\right]}^2+\frac{1}{2}{\mathrm{A\_y}\left[1\right]}^2-\mathrm{A\_y}\left[1\right]\mathrm{A\_x}\left[2\right]+\frac{1}{2}{\mathrm{A\_x}\left[2\right]}^2$

$L≔-\frac{1}{2}{\mathrm{A\_t}}_2^2+{\mathrm{A\_t}}_2{\mathrm{A\_y}}_3-\frac{1}{2}{\mathrm{A\_y}}_3^2-\frac{1}{2}{\mathrm{A\_t}}_1^2+{\mathrm{A\_t}}_1{\mathrm{A\_x}}_3-\frac{1}{2}{\mathrm{A\_x}}_3^2+\frac{1}{2}{\mathrm{A\_y}}_1^2-{\mathrm{A\_y}}_1{\mathrm{A\_x}}_2+\frac{1}{2}{\mathrm{A\_x}}_2^2$

$\mathrm{Maxwell1}≔\mathrm{EulerLagrange}\left(L\right)$

$\mathrm{Maxwell1}≔\left[-{\mathrm{A\_x}}_{2,2}+{\mathrm{A\_y}}_{1,2}-{\mathrm{A\_t}}_{1,3}+{\mathrm{A\_x}}_{3,3}\,{\mathrm{A\_x}}_{1,2}-{\mathrm{A\_y}}_{1,1}-{\mathrm{A\_t}}_{2,3}+{\mathrm{A\_y}}_{3,3}\,{\mathrm{A\_t}}_{1,1}-{\mathrm{A\_x}}_{1,3}+{\mathrm{A\_t}}_{2,2}-{\mathrm{A\_y}}_{2,3}\right]$

$\mathrm{PDEtools}\left[\mathrm{declare}\right]\left(\mathrm{quiet}\right)$

$\mathrm{Maxwell2}≔\mathrm{map}\left(\mathrm{convert}\,\mathrm{Maxwell1}\,\mathrm{DGdiff}\right)$

$\mathrm{Maxwell2}≔\left[-{\mathrm{A\_x}}_{y,y}+{\mathrm{A\_y}}_{x,y}-{\mathrm{A\_t}}_{t,x}+{\mathrm{A\_x}}_{t,t}\,{\mathrm{A\_x}}_{x,y}-{\mathrm{A\_y}}_{x,x}-{\mathrm{A\_t}}_{t,y}+{\mathrm{A\_y}}_{t,t}\,{\mathrm{A\_t}}_{x,x}-{\mathrm{A\_x}}_{t,x}+{\mathrm{A\_t}}_{y,y}-{\mathrm{A\_y}}_{t,y}\right]$

$\mathrm{DGsetup}\left(\left[x\right]\,\left[u\right]\,E\,3\right)\:$

$\mathrm{\ω1}≔\mathrm{evalDG}\left(a\left(x\right)\mathrm{Cu}\left[\right]+b\left(x\right)\mathrm{Cu}\left[1\right]+c\left(x\right)\mathrm{Cu}\left[1,1\right]+d\left(x\right)\mathrm{Cu}\left[1,1,1\right]\right)$

$\mathrm{\ω1}≔a\left(x\right){\mathrm{Cu}}_{\left[\right]}+b\left(x\right){\mathrm{Cu}}_1+c\left(x\right){\mathrm{Cu}}_{1,1}+d\left(x\right){\mathrm{Cu}}_{1,1,1}$

$\mathrm{EulerLagrange}\left(\mathrm{\ω1}\right)$

$\left[a\left(x\right)-b_x+c_{x,x}-d_{x,x,x}\right]$

$\mathrm{\ω2}≔\mathrm{evalDG}\left(a\left(x\right)\mathrm{Cu}\left[\right]\&w\mathrm{Cu}\left[1\right]+b\left(x\right)\mathrm{Cu}\left[\right]\&w\mathrm{Cu}\left[1,1\right]+c\left(x\right)\mathrm{Cu}\left[1\right]\&w\mathrm{Cu}\left[1,1\right]\right)$

$\mathrm{\ω2}≔a\left(x\right){\mathrm{Cu}}_{\left[\right]}\bigwedge {\mathrm{Cu}}_1+b\left(x\right){\mathrm{Cu}}_{\left[\right]}\bigwedge {\mathrm{Cu}}_{1,1}+c\left(x\right){\mathrm{Cu}}_1\bigwedge {\mathrm{Cu}}_{1,1}$

$\mathrm{EulForm1}≔\mathrm{EulerLagrange}\left(\mathrm{\ω2}\right)$

$\mathrm{EulForm1}≔\left[\left(-b_{x,x}+a_x\right){\mathrm{Cu}}_{\left[\right]}-\left(c_{x,x}+2b_x-2a\left(x\right)\right){\mathrm{Cu}}_1-3c_x{\mathrm{Cu}}_{1,1}-2c\left(x\right){\mathrm{Cu}}_{1,1,1}\right]$

$\mathrm{P0}≔\mathrm{Hook}\left(\mathrm{D\_u}\left[\right]\,\mathrm{\ω2}\right)\;$$\mathrm{P1}≔\mathrm{Hook}\left(\mathrm{D\_u}\left[1\right]\,\mathrm{\ω2}\right)\;$$\mathrm{P2}≔\mathrm{Hook}\left(\mathrm{D\_u}\left[1,1\right]\,\mathrm{\ω2}\right)$

$\mathrm{P0}≔a\left(x\right){\mathrm{Cu}}_1+b\left(x\right){\mathrm{Cu}}_{1,1}$

$\mathrm{P1}≔-a\left(x\right){\mathrm{Cu}}_{\left[\right]}+c\left(x\right){\mathrm{Cu}}_{1,1}$

$\mathrm{P2}≔-b\left(x\right){\mathrm{Cu}}_{\left[\right]}-c\left(x\right){\mathrm{Cu}}_1$

$\mathrm{EulForm2}≔\mathrm{evalDG}\left(\mathrm{P0}-\mathrm{TotalDiff}\left(\mathrm{P1}\,\left[1\right]\right)+\mathrm{TotalDiff}\left(\mathrm{P2}\,\left[1\,1\right]\right)\right)$

$\mathrm{EulForm2}≔\left(-b_{x,x}+a_x\right){\mathrm{Cu}}_{\left[\right]}-\left(c_{x,x}+2b_x-2a\left(x\right)\right){\mathrm{Cu}}_1-3c_x{\mathrm{Cu}}_{1,1}-2c\left(x\right){\mathrm{Cu}}_{1,1,1}$

$\mathrm{EulForm2}\&minus\mathrm{EulForm1}\left[1\right]$

$0{\mathrm{Cu}}_{\left[\right]}$

$\mathrm{DGsetup}\left(\left[x\,y\right]\,\left[u\,v\right]\,E\,3\right)\:$

$\mathrm{\ω3}≔\mathrm{evalDG}\left(a\left(x\,y\right)\mathrm{Cu}\left[\right]+b\left(x\,y\right)\mathrm{Cv}\left[\right]+c\left(x\,y\right)\mathrm{Cu}\left[1\right]+d\left(x\,y\right)\mathrm{Cu}\left[2\right]+e\left(x\,y\right)\mathrm{Cv}\left[1\right]+f\left(x\,y\right)\mathrm{Cv}\left[2\right]\right)$

$\mathrm{\ω3}≔a\left(x\,y\right){\mathrm{Cu}}_{\left[\right]}+b\left(x\,y\right){\mathrm{Cv}}_{\left[\right]}+c\left(x\,y\right){\mathrm{Cu}}_1+d\left(x\,y\right){\mathrm{Cu}}_2+e\left(x\,y\right){\mathrm{Cv}}_1+f\left(x\,y\right){\mathrm{Cv}}_2$

$\mathrm{EulerLagrange}\left(\mathrm{\ω3}\right)$

$\left[a\left(x\,y\right)-c_x-d_y\,b\left(x\,y\right)-e_x-f_y\right]$

$\mathrm{\ω4}≔\mathrm{evalDG}\left(a\left(x\,y\right)\mathrm{Cu}\left[\right]\&w\mathrm{Cv}\left[\right]+b\left(x\,y\right)\mathrm{Cu}\left[1\right]\&w\mathrm{Cv}\left[2\right]\right)$

$\mathrm{\ω4}≔a\left(x\,y\right){\mathrm{Cu}}_{\left[\right]}\bigwedge {\mathrm{Cv}}_{\left[\right]}+b\left(x\,y\right){\mathrm{Cu}}_1\bigwedge {\mathrm{Cv}}_2$

$\mathrm{EulerLagrange}\left(\mathrm{\ω4}\right)$

$\left[a\left(x\,y\right){\mathrm{Cv}}_{\left[\right]}-b_x{\mathrm{Cv}}_2-b\left(x\,y\right){\mathrm{Cv}}_{1,2}\,-a\left(x\,y\right){\mathrm{Cu}}_{\left[\right]}+b_y{\mathrm{Cu}}_1+b\left(x\,y\right){\mathrm{Cu}}_{1,2}\right]$

$\mathrm{\ω5}≔\mathrm{evalDG}\left(a\left(x\,y\right)\left(\mathrm{Cu}\left[\right]\&w\mathrm{Cu}\left[1\right]\right)\&w\mathrm{Cv}\left[1\right]\right)$

$\mathrm{\ω5}≔a\left(x\,y\right){\mathrm{Cu}}_{\left[\right]}\bigwedge {\mathrm{Cu}}_1\bigwedge {\mathrm{Cv}}_1$

$\mathrm{EulerLagrange}\left(\mathrm{\ω5}\right)$

$\left[a_x{\mathrm{Cu}}_{\left[\right]}\bigwedge {\mathrm{Cv}}_1+a\left(x\,y\right){\mathrm{Cu}}_{\left[\right]}\bigwedge {\mathrm{Cv}}_{1,1}+2a\left(x\,y\right){\mathrm{Cu}}_1\bigwedge {\mathrm{Cv}}_1\,-a_x{\mathrm{Cu}}_{\left[\right]}\bigwedge {\mathrm{Cu}}_1-a\left(x\,y\right){\mathrm{Cu}}_{\left[\right]}\bigwedge {\mathrm{Cu}}_{1,1}\right]$

$\mathrm{\eta }≔\mathrm{HorizontalExteriorDerivative}\left(u\left[2,3\right]\mathrm{Cu}\left[1\right]\&w\mathrm{Cv}\left[2\right]\right)$

$\mathrm{\eta }≔u_{1,2,3}\mathrm{Dx}\bigwedge {\mathrm{Cu}}_1\bigwedge {\mathrm{Cv}}_2+u_{2,3}\mathrm{Dx}\bigwedge {\mathrm{Cu}}_1\bigwedge {\mathrm{Cv}}_{1,2}-u_{2,3}\mathrm{Dx}\bigwedge {\mathrm{Cv}}_2\bigwedge {\mathrm{Cu}}_{1,1}+u_{2,2,3}\mathrm{Dy}\bigwedge {\mathrm{Cu}}_1\bigwedge {\mathrm{Cv}}_2+u_{2,3}\mathrm{Dy}\bigwedge {\mathrm{Cu}}_1\bigwedge {\mathrm{Cv}}_{2,2}-u_{2,3}\mathrm{Dy}\bigwedge {\mathrm{Cv}}_2\bigwedge {\mathrm{Cu}}_{1,2}$

$\mathrm{EulerLagrange}\left(\mathrm{\eta }\right)$

$\left[0\mathrm{Dx}\bigwedge {\mathrm{Cu}}_{\left[\right]}\,0\mathrm{Dx}\bigwedge {\mathrm{Cu}}_{\left[\right]}\right]$